Biodiversity Data JournalBiodiversity Data JournalBiodiversity Data JournalBDJ1314-28361314-2828Pensoft PublishersBiodiversity Data Journal10.3897/BDJ.3.e50573467Taxonomic paperIchneumonidaeHymenopteraCatalogues and ChecklistsFaunistics & DistributionNew records of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) for the Italian faunaDi GiovanniFilippofilippo.digiovanni@uniroma1.it‡ReshchikovAlexeyalexey.reshchikov@nrm.se§RiedelMatthias|DillerErich¶SchwarzMartin#University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, ItalySwedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, SwedenAmselweg 9 A, Bad Fallingbostel, GermanyZoologische Staatssammlung München, Munich, GermanyBiologiezentrum, Linz, Austria
Corresponding authors: Filippo Di Giovanni (filippo.digiovanni@uniroma1.it), Alexey Reshchikov (alexey.reshchikov@nrm.se).
Academic editor: Anu Veijalainen
2015190620153e50570804201513062015Filippo Di Giovanni, Alexey Reshchikov, Matthias Riedel, Erich Diller, Martin SchwarzThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
New distributional records on 55 ichneumonids (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) from Italy are provided. Of these, 47 species are new for Italy, including representatives of the subfamily Diacritinae and of the tribes Zimmeriini (Ichneumoninae) and Pseudorhyssini (Poemeniinae); six species are new for Sardinia, one for Sicily and one for the Italian mainland. The hitherto unknown female of Baranisobashibericus Heinrich, 1972 (Ichneumoninae) is described.
With more than 24,000 species described (Yu et al. 2012), Ichneumonidae is one of the largest families of Hymenoptera and one of the largest within insects. More than 6,500 species have been recorded for Europe so far (Achterberg and Zwakhals 2004). Despite their richness and the role they play as pest control agents, the faunistic knowledge of this group in many European countries and worldwide remains scarce.
It is difficult to give a precise estimate of the number of species of Ichneumonidae occurring in Italy. About 1,850 species are recorded for the country in the checklist of the Italian fauna (Scaramozzino 1995). Most of the data refer to northern and central regions of Italy, while records on the ichneumonid fauna of the south, Sicily and Sardinia are relatively few (Scaramozzino 1995, Zwakhals and Turrisi 2014). More recently, the Fauna Europaea project increased this number to about 2,000 species (Achterberg and Zwakhals 2004). In both cases, however, it is not possible to link records in the checklist to voucher specimens in collections or to data in the literature, which makes it difficult to verify the records, keep track of nomenclatorial and systematic changes, and update the checklist accordingly. Based exclusively on records from the literature, the Taxapad database (Yu et al. 2012) reports about 1,700 species for Italy, but the real number of species in the country is likely to be much higher. By crossing the references in the Italian checklist (Scaramozzino 1995) with those in Fauna Europaea and Taxapad (Achterberg and Zwakhals 2004, Yu et al. 2012), the number of ichneumonid species recorded for Italy reaches about 2,200 species. This result cannot be considered reliable, as only a direct verification of the literature and of the specimens in private and public collections can attest the real number and identity of ichneumonid species found in Italy. References to the literature and/or to voucher specimens in collections would be essential to make a scientific and reliable checklist, and would allow to track taxonomic changes through time and update the checklist properly.
The present study reports 47 new species for the Italian fauna, six new species for Sardinia, one for Sicily and one new record for the Italian mainland. Thanks to some intensive samplings conducted in Italy in the last few years, our paper provides a remarkable - though probably still incomplete - contribution to the knowledge of this group in the Italian territory.
Materials and methods
Most of the records in the present paper originate from sampling efforts in central and north-eastern Italy (Fig. 1) aimed at investigating parasitoid community composition in fragmented landscapes (Di Giovanni et al. 2014, Inclán et al. 2014). The field sampling in north-eastern Italy was carried out in 2013 using Malaise traps (Omnes Artes s. a. s.) in the understory of semi-natural and artificial oak-hornbeam forests of the eastern Po Plain (Fig. 2). Some further records stem from canopy sampling with Malaise traps, carried out in 2008 in the natural reserve of Bosco della Fontana (Lombardy; see Di Giovanni et al. 2014). The field sampling in central Italy (Tuscany) was conducted in 2012 using yellow pan traps in fragments of semi-natural grasslands derived from eroded claystones (Fig. 3; see Inclán et al. 2014). Additional records come from the private collection of the first author (with the exception of one specimen from DAFNAE and one from ZSM) and from the Sardinian CONECOFOR (Forest Ecosystem Control) sampling project, carried out by Italian State Forestry Service between 2003 and 2006 (see Nardi et al. 2011).
All taxa are listed in alphabetical order. The assignment of species to higher taxa follows the Catalogue of World Ichneumonidae (Yu et al. 2012). Distributional notes, with minor changes, follow the Catalogue of World Ichneumonidae (Yu et al. 2012) and the Fauna Europaea website (Achterberg and Zwakhals 2004).
The following references were used to the identification of most of the species listed in the present paper. It is not an exhaustive list, as many genera still need a revision and the identification to species level often requires the comparison with type material in collections: Varga (2013) (Acaenitinae); Kasparyan (1990) (Adelognathinae); Kuslitzky (1973), Aubert (1978) (Banchinae); Horstmann (2009) (Campopleginae); Gürbüz and Kolarov (2006) (Collyriinae); Donovan (1810), Förster (1871), Habermehl (1935), Horstmann (1983), Townes (1983), Horstmann (1990) (Cryptinae); Gravenhorst (1829), Bauer (1961), Kasparyan (1981), Hinz (1986), Hinz (1991), Hinz and Horstmann (1998), Kasparyan (2000), Kasparyan (2001), Kasparyan (2004), Kasparyan (2011), Reshchikov (2013), Kasparyan (2014) (Ctenopelmatinae); Kolarov (1997) (Diacritinae); Klopfstein (2014) (Diplazontinae); Aubert (1958), Aubert (1969), Kasparyan (1981), Selfa and Diller (1995), Selfa and Anento (1996), Tereshkin (2009), Diller and Shaw (2014) (Ichneumoninae); Kasparyan (1981) (Lycorininae); Schwenke (1999) (Mesochorinae); Aubert (1965) (Metopiinae); Broad (2010) (Orthocentrinae); Kolarov (1997), Zwakhals (2006), Fritzén and Shaw (2014) (Pimplinae); Oehlke (1966), Kolarov (1997) (Poemeniinae); Kasparyan (1973) (Tryphoninae).
The material is deposited in the following collections:
DAFNAE: Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse Naturali e Ambiente in Padua, Italy
MR: private collection of Matthias Riedel in Bad Fallingbostel, Germany
MZUR: Museo di Zoologia, Università degli Studi di Roma “Sapienza” in Rome, Italy
NRM: Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet in Stockholm, Sweden
ZSM: Zoologische Staatssammlung in München, Germany
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: D. J. Inclán; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Tuscany; verbatimLocality: Siena, Monteroni d'Arbia; verbatimElevation: 195 m; verbatimLatitude: 43°13'5.48"N; verbatimLongitude: 11°26'55.29"E; Identification: identifiedBy: M. Riedel; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: yellow pan trap; eventDate: 02-05.V.2012; Record Level: institutionCode: MR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: D. J. Inclán; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Tuscany; verbatimLocality: Siena, Monteroni d'Arbia; verbatimElevation: 195 m; verbatimLatitude: 43°13'5.48"N; verbatimLongitude: 11°26'55.29"E; Identification: identifiedBy: M. Riedel; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: yellow pan trap; eventDate: 11-12.V.2012; Record Level: institutionCode: MR
Description
Male (from Heinrich 1972):
Mesoscutum with dense and rather coarse punctures, ground between punctures smooth and shiny. Margin of clypeus shiny. Malar space about ¾ the length of the base of mandible. Flagellum with short elliptical tyloids on flagellomere 7-16.
Colour: face and thorax mostly black; white are inner orbits, narrow stripe on outer orbits, central spot on face, scapus and flagellum ventrally, collar, upper hind margin of pronotum, subalar ridge, tegulae, scutellum and postscutellum. Metasoma black; postpetiolus, tergite 2 and 3, and basal part of tergite 4 red; tergite 6 with white spot, tergite 7 mostly white. Coxae, trochanters and legs black; coxae I and II with white spot, ventral side of tibiae I and II, femur I except the base and apex of femur II pale yellowish.
Female:
Body length 6-7 mm. Flagellum with 27-28 segments, slightly lanceolate. First flagellomere about 1.8 times longer than wide, widest flagellomeres about 1.2 times wider than long. Temples roundly narrowed behind eyes. Clypeus moderately convex. Head with coarse dense puncture, clypeus with scattered puncture.
Pronotum with a strong longitudinal ridge medially. Mesoscutum with coarse puncture and fine granulation, strongly shining. Mesopleurum with coarse puncture (slightly rugose-punctate apically), intervals smooth and shining, metapleurum with coarse puncture, shining. Scutellum slightly wider than long, with lateral carinae in the basal 0.5. Propodeum completely carinate, area superomedia hexagonal, about as long as wide. Hind coxa punctate, without scopa. Hind femur stout, about 3.3 times as long as wide.
Postpetiolus strongly widened, not differentiate and without dorsal carina, almost smooth and with very scattered puncture medially. Second tergite with strong transverse thyridia, each thyridium about 1.6 times wider than the thyridial interval. Tergites 2-3 with coarse puncture, shining, tergite 4 superficially punctate, following tergites smoothened.
Colour: mostly black. Flagellum with ivory ring on flagellomeres 7-11. Ivory are narrow stripe on frontal orbit, apical half of scutellum, narrow apical band on tergite 6 (one specimen with completely black tergite 6) and wide apical band on tergite 7. Tergites 1-3 red. Following tergites black, the fourth one more or less reddish laterally. Coxae and trochanteres black. Femora I-II reddish, more or less infuscate at bases. Tibiae and tarsi I-II reddish, yellowish-red on frontal side. Hind leg black, tibia III with red subbasal ring. Pterostigma black.
Diagnosis
The female of B.hibericus Heinrich is similar to B.ridibundus (Gravenhorst, 1829) but it differs in having a stouter first flagellomere, strongly shining mesoscutum with coarse punctation, and a stouter hind femur (Figs 4, 5).
Distribution
Previously known only from Portugal (Heinrich 1972).
Notes
New for Italy.
ChecklistsSpecies new for ItalyAcaenitinaeFörster, 1869ColeocentriniClément, 1938ColeocentrusheteropusThomson, 1894Materials
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: D. Sechi; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Trentino-Alto Adige; verbatimLocality: Bolzano, Castelrotto, Alpe di Marinzen; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: eventDate: 13.VII.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Distribution
Finland, Sweden, Hungary, Romania and Ukraine (Varga 2013).
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: D. J. Inclán; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Tuscany; verbatimLocality: Siena, Chiusure; verbatimElevation: 340 m; verbatimLatitude: 43°10'53.96"N; verbatimLongitude: 11°34'48.71"E; Identification: identifiedBy: M. Schwarz; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: yellow pan trap; eventDate: 26-27.V.2012; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Distribution
Europe.
Notes
New for Italy.
Agrothereutesmonticola(Habermehl, 1935)Materials
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: D. J. Inclán; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Tuscany; verbatimLocality: Siena, Torrenieri; verbatimElevation: 220 m; verbatimLatitude: 43°07'19.96"N; verbatimLongitude: 11°33'26.49"E; Identification: identifiedBy: M. Schwarz; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: yellow pan trap; eventDate: 22-23.VI.2012; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Distribution
Previously known only from Spain and France.
Notes
New for Italy (Fig. 7)
AteleutelinearisFörster, 1871Materials
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Treviso, Cessalto, Santa Maria di Campagna, bosco San Marco; verbatimElevation: 0 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°42'21.22"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°34'42.45"E; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 23.VII-05.VIII.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Treviso, Meolo; verbatimElevation: 0 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°36'24.76"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°27'25.19"E; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 23.VII-05.VIII.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: G. Lo Giudice, M. Mei, D. Petriccione; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Latium; verbatimLocality: Rieti, Orvinio, Vallebuona; verbatimElevation: 780 m; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2012; Event: eventDate: 15.VI.2008; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Distribution
South Europe and North Africa.
Notes
New for Italy.
Mastrusrufobasalis(Habermehl, 1920)Materials
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: D. J. Inclán; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Tuscany; verbatimLocality: Siena, Pienza; verbatimElevation: 335 m; verbatimLatitude: 43°03'51.89"N; verbatimLongitude: 11°39'56.44"E; Identification: identifiedBy: M. Schwarz; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: yellow pan trap; eventDate: 02-05.X.2012; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Distribution
Europe.
Notes
New for Italy.
XenolytussubstriatusTownes, 1983Materials
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: D. J. Inclán; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Tuscany; verbatimLocality: Siena, Arbia; verbatimElevation: 220 m; verbatimLatitude: 43°16'53.18"N; verbatimLongitude: 11°25'35.12"E; Identification: identifiedBy: M. Schwarz; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: yellow pan trap; eventDate: 02-05.X.2012; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: D. J. Inclán; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Tuscany; verbatimLocality: Siena, Bollano; verbatimElevation: 230 m; verbatimLatitude: 43°10'32.29"N; verbatimLongitude: 11°31'44.98"E; Identification: identifiedBy: M. Schwarz; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: yellow pan trap; eventDate: 02-05.X.2012; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: D. J. Inclán; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Tuscany; verbatimLocality: Siena, Arbia; verbatimElevation: 220 m; verbatimLatitude: 43°16'53.18"N; verbatimLongitude: 11°25'35.12"E; Identification: identifiedBy: M. Schwarz; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: yellow pan trap; eventDate: 23-26.X.2012; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Padova; Identification: identifiedBy: J. F. Perkins; dateIdentified: 1959; Event: eventDate: 17.V.1958; Record Level: institutionCode: DAFNAE
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceRemarks: collected in the canopy (15-20 m); individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Lombardy; verbatimLocality: Mantova, Marmirolo, Bosco della Fontana; verbatimElevation: 35 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°12'00.16"N; verbatimLongitude: 10°44'38.78"E; Identification: identifiedBy: A. Reshchikov; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 13-27.V.2008; Record Level: institutionCode: NRM
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: occurrenceRemarks: collected in the canopy (15-20 m); individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Lombardy; verbatimLocality: Mantova, Marmirolo, Bosco della Fontana; verbatimElevation: 35 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°12'00.16"N; verbatimLongitude: 10°44'38.78"E; Identification: identifiedBy: A. Reshchikov; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 05-19.VIII.2008; Record Level: institutionCode: NRM
Distribution
Holarctic. Introduced into New Zealand.
Notes
The species was not recorded in the checklist of the Italian fauna (Scaramozzino 1995), even though a specimen of this species was present in the DAFNAE collection (Padua) and identified by Dr. J. F. Perkins in 1958. It is new for Italy.
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Friuli-Venezia Giulia; verbatimLocality: Udine, Palazzolo dello Stella, Nogali Braide, bosco Brussa; verbatimElevation: 0 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°45'54.05"N; verbatimLongitude: 13°04'52.15"E; Identification: identifiedBy: A. Reshchikov; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 08-18.V.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: NRM
Distribution
Europe.
Notes
New for Italy.
Perilissuspallidus(Gravenhorst, 1829)Materials
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: G. Chessa; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Sardinia; verbatimLocality: Iglesias, dintorni colonia Beneck; verbatimElevation: 636 m; verbatimLatitude: 39°20'51.45"N; verbatimLongitude: 8°33'55.40"E; Identification: identifiedBy: A. Reshchikov; dateIdentified: 2015; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 02-16.V.2006; Record Level: institutionCode: NRM
Distribution
Palaearctic.
Notes
Already recorded for Italy. It is new for Sardinia.
Trematopygodesaprilinus(Giraud, 1872)Materials
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: P. Cerretti, F. Di Giovanni, G. Lo Giudice; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Verona, dintorni di Monte, Stramonte; verbatimElevation: 500 m; Identification: identifiedBy: A. Reshchikov; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: eventDate: 05.V.2014; Record Level: institutionCode: NRM
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Treviso, Cessalto, Santa Maria di Campagna, bosco San Marco; verbatimElevation: 0 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°42'21.22"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°34'42.45"E; Identification: identifiedBy: A. Reshchikov; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 09-19.V.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: NRM
Distribution
Europe.
Notes
New for Italy.
SymphertafacialisHinz, 1991Materials
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: D. J. Inclán; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Tuscany; verbatimLocality: Siena, Torrenieri; verbatimElevation: 220 m; verbatimLatitude: 43°07'19.96"N; verbatimLongitude: 11°33'26.49"E; Identification: identifiedBy: A. Reshchikov; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: yellow pan trap; eventDate: 27-28.IV.2012; Record Level: institutionCode: NRM
Distribution
Europe.
Notes
New for Italy.
TrematopyguslethierryiThomson, 1894Materials
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: L. Colacurcio; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Emilia-Romagna; verbatimLocality: Bologna, Sasso Marconi, Palazzo Rossi; Identification: identifiedBy: A. Reshchikov; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: eventDate: II-III.2010; Record Level: institutionCode: NRM
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Friuli-Venezia Giulia; verbatimLocality: Udine, Precenicco, bosco Bando; verbatimElevation: 10 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°46'42.63"N; verbatimLongitude: 13°03'45.84"E; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 09-21.VI.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Friuli-Venezia Giulia; verbatimLocality: Udine, San Giorgio di Nogaro, frazione di Zellina, bosco Boscat; verbatimElevation: 10 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°49'59.51"N; verbatimLongitude: 13°10'03.50"E; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 09-21.VI.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 2; sex: males; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Friuli-Venezia Giulia; verbatimLocality: Udine, Porpetto, bosco Sgobitta; verbatimElevation: 15 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°51'13.54"N; verbatimLongitude: 13°11'44.78"E; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 09-21.VI.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Treviso, Gaiarine, Francenigo, bosco Crasere; verbatimElevation: 15 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°54'01.85"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°30'00.86"E; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 10-22.VI.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 4; sex: 3 males, 1 female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Treviso, Gaiarine, Francenigo, bosco Otello; verbatimElevation: 20 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°51'38.06"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°29'31.71"E; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 10-22.VI.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Venezia, Portogruaro, frazione di Lison, bosco del Merlo; verbatimElevation: 0 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°44'58.18"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°44'37.58"E; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 10-22.VI.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 2; sex: males; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Venezia, Portogruaro, frazione di Lison, bosco del Merlo; verbatimElevation: 10 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°44'47.91"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°44'30.40"E; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 10-22.VI.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 12; sex: 9 males, 3 females; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Lombardy; verbatimLocality: Mantova, Marmirolo, Bosco della Fontana; verbatimElevation: 35 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°12'00.16"N; verbatimLongitude: 10°44'38.78"E; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 11-23.VI.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Treviso, Gaiarine, Francenigo, bosco Otello; verbatimElevation: 20 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°51'38.06"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°29'31.71"E; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 23.VII-05.VIII.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Distribution
Palaearctic.
Notes
New for Italy. The subfamily Diacritinae is recorded for the first time for the Italian fauna (Fig. 10).
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Lombardy; verbatimLocality: Mantova, Marmirolo, Bosco della Fontana; verbatimElevation: 35 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°12'00.16"N; verbatimLongitude: 10°44'38.78"E; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 13-27.V.2008; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Distribution
Palaearctic.
Notes
Recently described by Klopfstein (2014), it can be separated by similar D.tibiatorius (Thunberg, 1824) for the smaller size and different sculpture of both mesopleuron and tergites 2 and 3. It is new for Italy.
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Friuli-Venezia Giulia; verbatimLocality: Udine, Palazzolo dello Stella, Nogali Braide, bosco Brussa; verbatimElevation: 0 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°45'54.05"N; verbatimLongitude: 13°04'52.15"E; Identification: identifiedBy: M. Riedel; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 08-18.V.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Friuli-Venezia Giulia; verbatimLocality: Udine, Porpetto, bosco Sgobitta; verbatimElevation: 15 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°51'13.54"N; verbatimLongitude: 13°11'44.78"E; Identification: identifiedBy: M. Riedel; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 08-18.V.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Treviso, Cessalto, Santa Maria di Campagna, bosco San Marco; verbatimElevation: 0 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°42'21.22"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°34'42.45"E; Identification: identifiedBy: M. Riedel; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 10-22.VI.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 7; sex: males; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Friuli-Venezia Giulia; verbatimLocality: Udine, Palazzolo dello Stella, Nogali Braide, bosco Brussa; verbatimElevation: 0 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°45'54.05"N; verbatimLongitude: 13°04'52.15"E; Identification: identifiedBy: M. Riedel; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 21.VII-03.VIII.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Treviso, Gaiarine, Francenigo, bosco Crasere; verbatimElevation: 15 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°54'01.85"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°30'00.86"E; Identification: identifiedBy: M. Riedel; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 23.VII-05.VIII.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 7; sex: males; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Treviso, Cessalto, Santa Maria di Campagna, bosco San Marco; verbatimElevation: 0 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°42'21.22"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°34'42.45"E; Identification: identifiedBy: M. Riedel; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 23.VII-05.VIII.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Treviso, Gaiarine, Francenigo, bosco Otello; verbatimElevation: 20 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°51'38.06"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°29'31.71"E; Identification: identifiedBy: M. Riedel; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 09-19.V.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Friuli-Venezia Giulia; verbatimLocality: Udine, Muzzana del Turgnano; verbatimElevation: 0 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°47'56.80"N; verbatimLongitude: 13°06'36.09"E; Identification: identifiedBy: M. Riedel; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 21.VII-03.VIII.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Distribution
Europe.
Notes
New for Italy. The specimen from Veneto (bosco Otello) differs from the typical form in having flagellum with 26 flagellomeres and postpetiolus, tergite 6, scutellum and outer orbits black.
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Treviso, Cessalto, Santa Maria di Campagna, bosco San Marco; verbatimElevation: 0 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°42'21.22"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°34'42.45"E; Identification: identifiedBy: E. Diller; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 23.VII-05.VIII.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Distribution
Previously known only from England.
Notes
This species was recently described from England (Diller and Shaw 2014). It is new for Italy and the record suggests the species may have a wider distribution in Europe.
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: D. J. Inclán; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Tuscany; verbatimLocality: Siena, San Giovanni d'Asso; verbatimElevation: 285 m; verbatimLatitude: 43°08'13.85"N; verbatimLongitude: 11°33'50.53"E; Identification: identifiedBy: E. Diller; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: yellow pan trap; eventDate: 09-10.VI.2012; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Distribution
Europe and Middle East.
Notes
New for Italy.
Herpestomusminimus(Berthoumieu, 1901)Materials
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: D. J. Inclán; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Tuscany; verbatimLocality: Siena, San Quirico d'Orcia; verbatimElevation: 285 m; verbatimLatitude: 43°04'30.84"N; verbatimLongitude: 11°34'44.84"E; Identification: identifiedBy: E. Diller; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: yellow pan trap; eventDate: 24-25.VII.2012; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Treviso, Meolo; verbatimElevation: 0 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°36'24.76"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°27'25.19"E; Identification: identifiedBy: E. Diller; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 23.VII-05.VIII.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Distribution
Europe.
Notes
New for Italy.
Tycherusamaenus(Wesmael, 1845)Materials
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Treviso, Cessalto, Santa Maria di Campagna, bosco San Marco; verbatimElevation: 0 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°42'21.22"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°34'42.45"E; Identification: identifiedBy: E. Diller; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 10-22.VI.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Distribution
Europe.
Notes
New for Italy.
Tycherusjuvenilis(Wesmael, 1848)Materials
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Treviso, Gaiarine, Francenigo, bosco Otello; verbatimElevation: 20 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°51'38.06"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°29'31.71"E; Identification: identifiedBy: E. Diller; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 10-22.VI.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: A. Chiocchio; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Latium; verbatimLocality: Roma, San Polo dei Cavalieri; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2011; Event: eventDate: V.2008; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Distribution
Europe, North Africa and Middle East.
Notes
New for Italy. The tribe Zimmeriini is recorded for the first time for the Italian fauna (Fig. 12).
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: male; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Treviso, Cessalto, Santa Maria di Campagna, bosco San Marco; verbatimElevation: 0 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°42'21.22"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°34'42.45"E; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 23.VII-05.VIII.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Distribution
Palaearctic.
Notes
Already recorded for Sardinia. It is new for the Italian mainland (Fig. 13).
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Veneto; verbatimLocality: Treviso, Gorgo al Monticano, frazione di Cavalier, bosco di Cavalier; verbatimElevation: 20 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°45'50.54"N; verbatimLongitude: 12°33'03.95"E; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 23.VII-05.VIII.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Distribution
Palaearctic.
Notes
The species can be distinguished by closely related P.boops Tschek, 1869 by the greater number of antennal flagellomeres and the relatively dense pubescence of the mesoscutum (Fritzén and Shaw 2014). It is new for Italy.
Zatypotapicticollis(Thomson, 1888)Materials
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: F. Di Giovanni; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Friuli-Venezia Giulia; verbatimLocality: Udine, San Giorgio di Nogaro, frazione di Zellina, bosco Boscat; verbatimElevation: 10 m; verbatimLatitude: 45°49'59.51"N; verbatimLongitude: 13°10'03.50"E; Identification: identifiedBy: F. Di Giovanni; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 21.VII-03.VIII.2013; Record Level: institutionCode: MZUR
Type status:Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: G. Chessa; individualCount: 1; sex: female; Location: country: Italy; stateProvince: Sardinia; verbatimLocality: Iglesias, dintorni colonia Beneck; verbatimElevation: 636 m; verbatimLatitude: 39°20'51.45"N; verbatimLongitude: 8°33'55.40"E; Identification: identifiedBy: A. Reshchikov; dateIdentified: 2015; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 02-16.V.2006; Record Level: institutionCode: MR
Distribution
Palaearctic.
Notes
Already recorded for Italy. It is new for Sardinia.
Discussion
Most of the data in the present work refer to ichneumonid species that are widespread in Europe or in the Palaearctic region. Besides widespread species, we record some taxa whose geographic ranges are probably confined to the Mediterranean Basin (e.g. Chiroticarubrotincta, Barichneumonmontgator) and others that were previously known only from one or few localities (e.g. Baranisobashibericus, Agrothereutesmonticola, Phobetesnigriventris, Mesoleiustibiator). For some species (e. g. Diplazonparvus, Dicaelotusmorosator, Polysphinctalonga), the known distibution should be carefully evaluated, because of possible confusions occurred in the past with morphological similar species (see Aubert 1969, Fritzén and Shaw 2014, Klopfstein 2014).
The present study increases the number of ichneumonids in Italy to more than 2,260 species. Albeit it is a significant improvement over the checklist of 1995 (Scaramozzino 1995), the comparison with up-to-date checklists of neighbour countries indicates that the list is still largely incomplete: for example, more than 4,000 species have been recorded for Germany, about 3,000 for France and more than 2,500 species for Austria (Yu et al. 2012). In particular, lower attention has been given to the faunistic knowledge of the ichneumonid fauna of southern Italy and its major islands (Scaramozzino 1995). Less than 300 species of ichneumonids are known for Sicily (Turrisi et al. 2007, Riedel and Turrisi 2013, Zwakhals and Turrisi 2014) and only about 150 for Sardinia, a very low number if compared to the about 500 species known for Corsica (Yu et al. 2012).
These data, together with the environmental heterogeneity, resulting from complex orography and latitudinal extension, and the central location of Italy in the Mediterranean region (Minelli et al. 2005), suggest that the real number of ichneumonids in Italy is much higher than that known today.
Acknowledgements
We wish to thank A. Veijalainen (Finland), S. Klopfstein (University of Adelaide, Australia), D. Whitmore (Natural History Museum, London, UK), P. Cerretti (University of Padua, Italy) and one anonymous referee for the comments on earlier versions of the manuscript; G. Lo Giudice (Centro Nazionale per lo Studio e la Conservazione della Biodiversità Forestale, CNBF Verona, Italy) and M. Corvino (Foggia, Italy) for immage processing; D. J. Inclán (University of Padua, Italy) for providing the material from samples in Tuscany; the staff of CNBF of Bosco della Fontana (Mantua, Italy) for the loan of the samples from Sardinia. F. Di Giovanni was supported in part by the Italian State Forestry Service, A. Reshchikov by Swedish Taxonomy Initiative.
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Italian administrative regions.
Malaise trap in an oak-hornbeam forest in north-eastern Italy.
Field sampling with yellow pan traps in Tuscany claystones (courtesy of D. Inclán).