Biodiversity Data Journal Biodiversity Data Journal Biodiversity Data Journal BDJ 1314-2836 1314-2828 Pensoft Publishers Biodiversity Data Journal 10.3897/BDJ.3.e4306 3809 Taxonomic paper Gastropoda Species Inventories Bulgaria Terrestrial gastropods of Srebarna Nature Reserve, North-Eastern Bulgaria (Gastropoda) Dedov Ivailo idedov@gmail.com † Antonova Vera † Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria

Corresponding author: Ivailo Dedov (idedov@gmail.com).

Academic editor: Fabio Crocetta

 2015 20 01 2015 3 e4306 08 12 2014 17 01 2015 Ivailo Dedov, Vera Antonova This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

We give the results from the first investigation focused on the land snail fauna in Srebarna Nature Reserve in Bulgaria. A total of 23 localities were studied and 27 species of terrestrial gastropods were found, 23 of which were new observations for the Reserve.

 Bulgaria Srebarna Nature Reserve terrestrial gastropods fauna Introduction

Srebarna Lake was declared as a protected site in 1942 and as a Nature Reserve in 1948. In 1998, according to the national nature protection legislation, it was classified as a “Managed Reserve”. In 1975, Srebarna Lake was also protected as a Wetland of International Importance under the Ramsar Convention and, in 1977, as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. In 1983, it was listed as World Natural and Cultural Heritage Site by UNESCO, and in 1989 the Lake was designated as European Important Bird Area (BG 033) by BirdLife International. Srebarna Lake was also included in Natura 2000 network in 2009 (http://www.ecolab.bas.bg, http://whc.unesco.org).

Srebarna is a hyper-euthrophic lake, located on the Bulgarian (right) bank of the Danube River between R.km 391 and R.km 393; UTM grid NJ 08. The Nature Reserve has a total surface area of 902.1 ha (Vasilev et al. 2012).

Until the recent study, no previous focused investigations had been carried out on terrestrial snails in the Reserve. Prokopich et al. (1970) reported the first land snails that functioned as intermediate hosts in their studies on cestodes: Cepaea vindobonensis, Helix lucorum, Monacha cartusiana and Succinea putris. Dedov (1998) found a total of seven species of land snails, adding three species to the previous observations: Fruticicola fruticum, Chondrula tridens and Xerolenta obvia (as Helicella candicans L. Pfeiffer, 1841).

 Materials and methods

In total, 23 localities were studied (Table 1). The terrestrial gastropods were collected by hand and soil samples were taken by I. Dedov (12 – 14.VI.2014) and V. Antonova (19 – 20.VII.2014). The material was stored in 70% ethanol or as dry shells. The species determination was done according to Damyanov and Likharev (1975) and Welter-Schultes (2012). The material is stored in the collection of I. Dedov in the Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (IBER - BAS).

 Checklists Checklist of terrestrial gastropods Acanthinula aculeata (O.F. Muller 1774) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Acanthinula aculeata (O.F. Muller 1774); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Valloniidae; genus: Acanthinula; scientificNameAuthorship: (O.F. Muller 1774); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: Deciduous forest

 Aegopinella minor (Stabile 1864) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Aegopinella minor (Stabile 1864); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Oxychilidae; genus: Aegopinella; scientificNameAuthorship: (Stabile 1864); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 19; decimalLatitude: 44.10249; decimalLongitude: 27.09153; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1628; Event: eventDate: 07-19-14; habitat: Deciduous forest

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Aegopinella minor (Stabile 1864); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Oxychilidae; genus: Aegopinella; scientificNameAuthorship: (Stabile 1864); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 20; decimalLatitude: 44.10766; decimalLongitude: 27.08478; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1629; Event: eventDate: 07-19-14; habitat: Coniferous forest (Pinus nigra)

 Cecilioides acicula (O.F. Muller 1774) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Cecilioides acicula (O.F. Muller 1774); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Ferussaciidae; genus: Cecilioides; scientificNameAuthorship: (O.F. Muller 1774); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: Deciduous forest

 Cepaea vindobonensis (C. Pfeiffer 1828) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Cepaea vindobonensis (C. Pfeiffer 1828); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Cepaea; scientificNameAuthorship: (C. Pfeiffer 1828); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 2; decimalLatitude: 44.0992; decimalLongitude: 27.0648; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1611; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: Yards and hedges

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Cepaea vindobonensis (C. Pfeiffer 1828); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Cepaea; scientificNameAuthorship: (C. Pfeiffer 1828); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 3; decimalLatitude: 44.09339; decimalLongitude: 27.06393; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1612; Event: eventDate: 06-15-14; habitat: meadows near roads in the village

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Cepaea vindobonensis (C. Pfeiffer 1828); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Cepaea; scientificNameAuthorship: (C. Pfeiffer 1828); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 5; decimalLatitude: 44.10302; decimalLongitude: 27.06354; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1614; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: meadow near Srebarna lake

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Cepaea vindobonensis (C. Pfeiffer 1828); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Cepaea; scientificNameAuthorship: (C. Pfeiffer 1828); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 6; decimalLatitude: 44.10738; decimalLongitude: 27.05965; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1615; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Cepaea vindobonensis (C. Pfeiffer 1828); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Cepaea; scientificNameAuthorship: (C. Pfeiffer 1828); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 7; decimalLatitude: 44.10758; decimalLongitude: 27.05853; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1616; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Cepaea vindobonensis (C. Pfeiffer 1828); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Cepaea; scientificNameAuthorship: (C. Pfeiffer 1828); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 10; decimalLatitude: 44.13043; decimalLongitude: 27.06131; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1619; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: open areas near Danube revier

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Cepaea vindobonensis (C. Pfeiffer 1828); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Cepaea; scientificNameAuthorship: (C. Pfeiffer 1828); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: (Deciduous forest)

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Cepaea vindobonensis (C. Pfeiffer 1828); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Cepaea; scientificNameAuthorship: (C. Pfeiffer 1828); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 12; decimalLatitude: 44.08833; decimalLongitude: 27.06701; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1621; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Cepaea vindobonensis (C. Pfeiffer 1828); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Cepaea; scientificNameAuthorship: (C. Pfeiffer 1828); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 13; decimalLatitude: 44.08865; decimalLongitude: 27.06411; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1622; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Cepaea vindobonensis (C. Pfeiffer 1828); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Cepaea; scientificNameAuthorship: (C. Pfeiffer 1828); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 14; decimalLatitude: 44.08939; decimalLongitude: 27.07399; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1623; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

 Ecological interactions Conservation status

IUCN: LC

 Chondrula microtragus (Rossmassler 1839) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Chondrula microtragus (Rossmassler 1839); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Enidae; genus: Chondrula; scientificNameAuthorship: (Rossmassler 1839); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: Meadows and open areas

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Chondrula microtragus (Rossmassler 1839); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Enidae; genus: Chondrula; scientificNameAuthorship: (Rossmassler 1839); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 18; decimalLatitude: 44.09999; decimalLongitude: 27.09350; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1627; Event: eventDate: 07-19-14; habitat: Meadows and open areas

 Ecological interactions Conservation status

IUCN: LC

 Chondrula tridens (O.F. Muller 1774) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Chondrula tridens (O.F. Muller 1774); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Enidae; genus: Chondrula; scientificNameAuthorship: (O.F. Muller 1774); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 1; decimalLatitude: 44.0949; decimalLongitude: 27.0639; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1610; Event: eventDate: 06-12-14; habitat: Yards and hedges, stone fence

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Chondrula tridens (O.F. Muller 1774); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Enidae; genus: Chondrula; scientificNameAuthorship: (O.F. Muller 1774); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 15; decimalLatitude: 44.08937; decimalLongitude: 27.06819; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1624; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: (Deciduous forest)

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Chondrula tridens (O.F. Muller 1774); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Enidae; genus: Chondrula; scientificNameAuthorship: (O.F. Muller 1774); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 23; decimalLatitude: 44.09623; decimalLongitude: 27.07008; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1632; Event: eventDate: 07-20-14; habitat: meadows and open areas

 Deroceras reticulatum (O.F. Muller 1774) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Deroceras af. reticulatum (O.F. Muller 1774); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Agriolimacidae; genus: Deroceras; scientificNameAuthorship: (O.F. Muller 1774); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 2; decimalLatitude: 44.0992; decimalLongitude: 27.0648; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1611; Event: eventDate: 06-12-14; habitat: Yards and hedges

 Helix pomatia Linnaeus 1758 Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Helix pomatia Linnaeus 1748; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Helix; scientificNameAuthorship: Linnaeus 1758; Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 2; decimalLatitude: 44.0992; decimalLongitude: 27.0648; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1611; Event: eventDate: 06-12-14; habitat: Meadows and open areas,

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Helix pomatia Linnaeus 1748; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Helix; scientificNameAuthorship: Linnaeus 1758; Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 3; decimalLatitude: 44.09339; decimalLongitude: 27.06393; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1612; Event: eventDate: 06-12-14; habitat: meadows near roads in the village

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Helix pomatia Linnaeus 1748; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Helix; scientificNameAuthorship: Linnaeus 1758; Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 4; decimalLatitude: 44.10314; decimalLongitude: 27.06285; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1613; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Helix pomatia Linnaeus 1748; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Helix; scientificNameAuthorship: Linnaeus 1758; Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 5; decimalLatitude: 44.10302; decimalLongitude: 27.06354; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1614; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: meadow near lake

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Helix pomatia Linnaeus 1748; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Helix; scientificNameAuthorship: Linnaeus 1758; Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 6; decimalLatitude: 44.10738; decimalLongitude: 27.05965; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1615; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Helix pomatia Linnaeus 1748; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Helix; scientificNameAuthorship: Linnaeus 1758; Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 8; decimalLatitude: 44.11252; decimalLongitude: 27.05658; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1617; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Helix pomatia Linnaeus 1748; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Helix; scientificNameAuthorship: Linnaeus 1758; Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 10; decimalLatitude: 44.13043; decimalLongitude: 27.06131; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1619; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: Meadows and open areas,

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Helix pomatia Linnaeus 1748; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Helix; scientificNameAuthorship: Linnaeus 1758; Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: Deciduous forest

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Helix pomatia Linnaeus 1748; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Helix; scientificNameAuthorship: Linnaeus 1758; Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 12; decimalLatitude: 44.08833; decimalLongitude: 27.06701; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1621; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Helix pomatia Linnaeus 1748; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Helix; scientificNameAuthorship: Linnaeus 1758; Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 13; decimalLatitude: 44.08865; decimalLongitude: 27.06411; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1622; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Helix pomatia Linnaeus 1748; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicidae; genus: Helix; scientificNameAuthorship: Linnaeus 1758; Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 14; decimalLatitude: 44.08939; decimalLongitude: 27.07399; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1623; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

 Ecological interactions Conservation status

IUCN: LC, BSG, ZBR-41

 Laciniaria plicata (Draparnaud 1801) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Laciniaria plicata (Draparnaud 1801); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Clausiliidae; genus: Laciniaria; scientificNameAuthorship: (Draparnaud 1801); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: Deciduous forest

 Limacus flavus (Linnaeus 1758) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Limacus flavus (Linnaeus 1758); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Limacidae; genus: Limacus; scientificNameAuthorship: (Linnaeus 1758); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 2; decimalLatitude: 44.0992; decimalLongitude: 27.0648; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1611; Event: eventDate: 06-12-14; habitat: Yards and hedges

 Lindholmiola girva (Frivaldsky 1835) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Lindholmiola girva (Frivaldsky 1835); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicodontidae; genus: Lindholmiola; scientificNameAuthorship: (Frivaldsky 1835); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: Deciduous forest

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Lindholmiola girva (Frivaldsky 1835); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Helicodontidae; genus: Lindholmiola; scientificNameAuthorship: (Frivaldsky 1835); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 19; decimalLatitude: 44.10249; decimalLongitude: 27.09153; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1628; Event: eventDate: 07-19-14; habitat: Deciduous forest

 Ecological interactions Conservation status

IUCN: LC

 Monacha carascaloides (Bourguignat 1855) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Monacha carascaloides (Bourguignat 1855); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Monacha; scientificNameAuthorship: (Bourguignat 1855); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 2; decimalLatitude: 44.0992; decimalLongitude: 27.0648; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1611; Event: eventDate: 06-12-14; habitat: Meadows and open areas,

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Monacha carascaloides (Bourguignat 1855); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Monacha; scientificNameAuthorship: (Bourguignat 1855); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 3; decimalLatitude: 44.09339; decimalLongitude: 27.06393; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1612; Event: eventDate: 06-12-14; habitat: meadows near roads in the village

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Monacha carascaloides (Bourguignat 1855); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Monacha; scientificNameAuthorship: (Bourguignat 1855); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 4; decimalLatitude: 44.10314; decimalLongitude: 27.06285; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1613; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Monacha carascaloides (Bourguignat 1855); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Monacha; scientificNameAuthorship: (Bourguignat 1855); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 5; decimalLatitude: 44.10302; decimalLongitude: 27.06354; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1614; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: meadow near lake

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Monacha carascaloides (Bourguignat 1855); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Monacha; scientificNameAuthorship: (Bourguignat 1855); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 6; decimalLatitude: 44.10738; decimalLongitude: 27.05965; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1615; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Monacha carascaloides (Bourguignat 1855); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Monacha; scientificNameAuthorship: (Bourguignat 1855); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 8; decimalLatitude: 44.11252; decimalLongitude: 27.05658; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1617; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Monacha carascaloides (Bourguignat 1855); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Monacha; scientificNameAuthorship: (Bourguignat 1855); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: Deciduous forest

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Monacha carascaloides (Bourguignat 1855); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Monacha; scientificNameAuthorship: (Bourguignat 1855); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 12; decimalLatitude: 44.08833; decimalLongitude: 27.06701; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1621; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Monacha carascaloides (Bourguignat 1855); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Monacha; scientificNameAuthorship: (Bourguignat 1855); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 13; decimalLatitude: 44.08865; decimalLongitude: 27.06411; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1622; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Monacha carascaloides (Bourguignat 1855); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Monacha; scientificNameAuthorship: (Bourguignat 1855); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 14; decimalLatitude: 44.08939; decimalLongitude: 27.07399; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1623; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

 Ecological interactions Conservation status

IUCN: LC

 Monachoides incarnates (O.F. Muller 1774) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Monachoides incarnates (O.F. Muller 1774); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Monachoides; scientificNameAuthorship: (O.F. Muller 1774); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 16; decimalLatitude: 44.08802; decimalLongitude: 27.06490; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1625; Event: eventDate: 07-19-14; habitat: (Reed with single Acacia sp. trees)

 Ecological interactions Conservation status

IUCN: LC

 Oxychilus sp. Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: juvenile; Taxon: scientificName: Oxychilus sp.; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Oxychilidae; genus: Oxychilus; Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 19; decimalLatitude: 44.10249; decimalLongitude: 27.09153; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1628; Event: eventDate: 07-19-14; habitat: Deciduous forest

 Oxyloma elegans (Risso 1826) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Oxyloma cf. elegans (Risso 1826); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Succineidae; genus: Oxyloma; scientificNameAuthorship: (Risso 1826); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: (Deciduous forest)

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Oxyloma cf. elegans (Risso 1826); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Succineidae; genus: Oxyloma; scientificNameAuthorship: (Risso 1826); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 16; decimalLatitude: 44.08802; decimalLongitude: 27.06490; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1625; Event: eventDate: 07-19-14; habitat: Reed with single Acacia sp. trees

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Oxyloma cf. elegans (Risso 1826); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Succineidae; genus: Oxyloma; scientificNameAuthorship: (Risso 1826); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 22; decimalLatitude: 44.13167; decimalLongitude: 27.08780; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1631; Event: eventDate: 07-19-14; habitat: Danube river’s bank

 Pomatias elegans (O.F. Muller 1774) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Pomatias elegans (O.F. Muller 1774); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Neotaenioglossa; family: Pomatiidae; genus: Pomatias; scientificNameAuthorship: (O.F. Muller 1774); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: Deciduous forest

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Pomatias elegans (O.F. Muller 1774); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Neotaenioglossa; family: Pomatiidae; genus: Pomatias; scientificNameAuthorship: (O.F. Muller 1774); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 17; decimalLatitude: 44.09689; decimalLongitude: 27.09480; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1626; Event: eventDate: 07-19-14; habitat: Bushes in the ecotone of deciduous forest

 Punctum pygmaeum (Draparnaud 1801) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Punctum pygmaeum (Draparnaud 1801); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Punctidae; genus: Punctum; scientificNameAuthorship: (Draparnaud 1801); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: Deciduous forest

 Tandonia kusceri (H. Wagner 1931) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tandonia af. kusceri (H. Wagner 1931); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Milacidae; genus: Tandonia; scientificNameAuthorship: (H. Wagner 1931); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 2; decimalLatitude: 44.0992; decimalLongitude: 27.0648; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1611; Event: eventDate: 06-12-14; habitat: Yards and hedges

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tandonia af. kusceri (H. Wagner 1931); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Milacidae; genus: Tandonia; scientificNameAuthorship: (H. Wagner 1931); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 15; decimalLatitude: 44.08937; decimalLongitude: 27.06819; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1624; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: (Deciduous forest)

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Tandonia af. kusceri (H. Wagner 1931); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Milacidae; genus: Tandonia; scientificNameAuthorship: (H. Wagner 1931); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 16; decimalLatitude: 44.08802; decimalLongitude: 27.06490; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1625; Event: eventDate: 07-19-14; habitat: Reed with single Acacia sp. trees

 Trochulus hispidus (Linnaeus 1758) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Trochulus hispidus (Linnaeus 1758); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Trochulus; scientificNameAuthorship: (Linnaeus 1758); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: Deciduous forest

 Ecological interactions Conservation status

IUCN: LC

 Truncatellina cylindrica (A. Ferussac 1807) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Truncatellina cylindrica (A. Ferussac 1807); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Vertiginidae; genus: Truncatellina; scientificNameAuthorship: (A. Ferussac 1807); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: Deciduous forest

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Truncatellina cylindrica (A. Ferussac 1807); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Vertiginidae; genus: Truncatellina; scientificNameAuthorship: (A. Ferussac 1807); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 15; decimalLatitude: 44.08937; decimalLongitude: 27.06819; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1624; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: Deciduous forest

 Truncatellina rothi (Reinhardt 1916) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Truncatellina rothi (Reinhardt 1916); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Vertiginidae; genus: Truncatellina; scientificNameAuthorship: (Reinhardt 1916); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: Deciduous forest

 Ecological interactions Conservation status

IUCN: LC

 Vallonia costata (O.F. Muller 1774) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Vallonia costata (O.F. Muller 1774); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Valloniidae; genus: Vallonia; scientificNameAuthorship: (O.F. Muller 1774); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: (Deciduous forest)

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Vallonia costata (O.F. Muller 1774); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Valloniidae; genus: Vallonia; scientificNameAuthorship: (O.F. Muller 1774); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 15; decimalLatitude: 44.08937; decimalLongitude: 27.06819; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1624; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: (Deciduous forest)

 Vallonia enniensis (Gredler 1856) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Vallonia enniensis (Gredler 1856); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Valloniidae; genus: Vallonia; scientificNameAuthorship: (Gredler 1856); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: (Deciduous forest)

 Ecological interactions Conservation status

IUCN: DD

 Vallonia excentrica Sterki 1893 Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Vallonia excentrica Sterki 1893; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Valloniidae; genus: Vallonia; scientificNameAuthorship: Sterki 1893; Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: (Deciduous forest)

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Vallonia excentrica Sterki 1893; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Valloniidae; genus: Vallonia; scientificNameAuthorship: Sterki 1893; Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 15; decimalLatitude: 44.08937; decimalLongitude: 27.06819; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1624; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: (Deciduous forest)

 Vallonia pulchella (O.F. Muller 1774) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Vallonia pulchella (O.F. Muller 1774); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Valloniidae; genus: Vallonia; scientificNameAuthorship: (O.F. Muller 1774); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: (Deciduous forest)

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Vallonia pulchella (O.F. Muller 1774); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Valloniidae; genus: Vallonia; scientificNameAuthorship: (O.F. Muller 1774); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 15; decimalLatitude: 44.08937; decimalLongitude: 27.06819; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1624; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: (Deciduous forest)

 Xerolenta obvia (Menke 1828) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Xerolenta obvia (Menke 1828); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Xerolenta; scientificNameAuthorship: (Menke 1828); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 2; decimalLatitude: 44.0992; decimalLongitude: 27.0648; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1611; Event: eventDate: 06-12-14; habitat: Meadows and open areas,

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Xerolenta obvia (Menke 1828); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Xerolenta; scientificNameAuthorship: (Menke 1828); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 3; decimalLatitude: 44.09339; decimalLongitude: 27.06393; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1612; Event: eventDate: 06-12-14; habitat: meadows near roads in the village

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Xerolenta obvia (Menke 1828); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Xerolenta; scientificNameAuthorship: (Menke 1828); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 4; decimalLatitude: 44.10314; decimalLongitude: 27.06285; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1613; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Xerolenta obvia (Menke 1828); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Xerolenta; scientificNameAuthorship: (Menke 1828); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: (Deciduous forest)

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Xerolenta obvia (Menke 1828); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Xerolenta; scientificNameAuthorship: (Menke 1828); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 12; decimalLatitude: 44.08833; decimalLongitude: 27.06701; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1621; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Xerolenta obvia (Menke 1828); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Xerolenta; scientificNameAuthorship: (Menke 1828); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 13; decimalLatitude: 44.08865; decimalLongitude: 27.06411; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1622; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Xerolenta obvia (Menke 1828); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Hygromiidae; genus: Xerolenta; scientificNameAuthorship: (Menke 1828); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 14; decimalLatitude: 44.08939; decimalLongitude: 27.07399; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1623; Event: eventDate: 06-14-14; habitat: meadows and bushes

 Zebrina detrita (O.F. Muller 1774) Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Zebrina detrita (O.F. Muller 1774); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Enidae; genus: Zebrina; scientificNameAuthorship: (O.F. Muller 1774); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 9; decimalLatitude: 44.12067; decimalLongitude: 27.06315; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1618; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: meadows and open areas

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Zebrina detrita (O.F. Muller 1774); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Enidae; genus: Zebrina; scientificNameAuthorship: (O.F. Muller 1774); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 11; decimalLatitude: 44.12875; decimalLongitude: 27.06027; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1620; Event: eventDate: 06-13-14; habitat: (Deciduous forest)

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: sex: hermaphrodite; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Zebrina detrita (O.F. Muller 1774); kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Mollusca; class: Gastropoda; order: Pulmonata; family: Enidae; genus: Zebrina; scientificNameAuthorship: (O.F. Muller 1774); Location: continent: Europe; country: Bulgaria; municipality: Silistra; locality: Srebarna Nature Reserve; locationRemarks: 21; decimalLatitude: 44.11780; decimalLongitude: 27.0797; georeferencedBy: Garmin 60 CS; Identification: identificationID: BG1630; Event: eventDate: 07-19-14; habitat: Bushes

 Discussion

During the recent research in the Srebarna protected area, 27 land snails species were found: 23 of them were new species records for the reserve and four had been documented in the area previously. F. fruticum (reported by Dedov 1998) and H. lucorum (published by Prokopich et al. 1970) were not found. Anatomical and conchological investigation of specimens identified as Monacha, and which fit the description of M. cartusiana of Prokopich et al. (1970), showed the specimens to be M. carascaloides (Fig. 1).

The species Oxyloma cf. elegans needs further confirmation by anatomical characteristics. During the field work, adult specimens were found only as empty shells. According to the key of Damyanov and Likharev (1975), the height of the mature shells (about 22.5 мм) corresponds to S. putris (see Dedov 1998), but the body color of the single juvenile specimen found alive is dark-patched pigmented as in the genus Oxyloma (Welter-Schultes 2012). Most probably both Oxyloma cf. elegans and S. putris occur in the reserve.

The species found in most localities were Helix pomatia (11 sites, Fig. 1), C. vindobonensis (10 sites), M. carascaloides (10 sites) and X. obvia (7 sites). The recorded species belong to 15 families, the most species rich of which are Valloniidae (5 species), Hygromiidae (4) and Enidae (3).

Of all the species recorded, eight have been evaluated in the “IUCN red list of threatened species 2014” to belong to the category LC (Least Concern): C. vindobonensis, Ch. microtragus, H. pomatia, L. girva, M. incarnatus, M. carascaloides, T. hispidus, T. rothi and one - (V. enniensis) - in the category DD (Data Deficient). Another two species (H. lucorum and H. pomatia) are mentioned in the Bulgarian conservation legislation, as they are included in Section III (Regulated use of plant and animal species), Art. 41 (1), Annex 4 of “Biodiversity Act” (State Gazette 2002).

The deciduous forests in the buffer zone of Srebarna Reserve were found to be richer in gastropod species than the reserve itself (a total of 24 species, 13 of which were found only in this habitat). These were meso-xerophyle and xerophyle species which live in the forest ecotone (C. vindobonensis, Ch. microtragus, Ch. tridens, M. carascaloides, V. costata, V. excentrica, V. pulchella, X. obvia, Z. detrita) or meso-hygrophyle and hygrophyle species, occasionally found into the samples (V. enniensis, Succineidae). Eight species of conservation significance were found in the deciduous forests (C. vindobonensis, Ch. microtragus, H. pomatia, L. girva, M. carascaloides, M. incarnatus, Tr. hispidus and Tr. rothi).

In the open and urban areas, nine species were found and two of them were of conservation significance (C. vindobonensis and H. pomatia). The slug D. cf. reticulatum was found only in open habitats.

 Acknowledgements

The recent study was part of the project DIR-5113325-6-96 of the Bulgarian Ministry of Environment and Water, Operational Programme Environment 2007-2013, RIEW Russe.

The authors like to thank Anu Veijalainen for the linguistic corrections. We are grateful to the reviewers for helpful remarks.

 References Damyanov S Likharev I 1975 Gastropoda terrestria Fauna Bulgarica 4 425 pp Bulgarian Dedov I 1998 Terrestrial gastropods Michev TM Georgiev BB Petrova AV Stoyneva MP Biodiversity of the Srebarna Biosphere Reserve. Checklist and Bibliography Pensoft Sofia 130 species IUCN red list of threatened 2014 Version 2014.3 www.iucnredlist.org Downloaded on 20 November 2014 Prokopich I Dimitrova E Genov T Karapchanski I 1970 Cysticercoids of cestodes from insectivores in Bulgaria Izvestiya na Tsentralnata Khelmintologichna Laboratoriya 14 173 183 Bulgarian Gazette State 2002 Bulgarian State Gazette 77 Bulgarian Vasilev V Fikova R Benderev A Shishkov T Kounev V Tsenkova A Koleva E Ivancheva J Krustev L Dyadovski I 2012 Physiographic features Uzunov Y Georgiev BB Varadinova E Ivanova N Pehlivanov L Vasilev V Ecosystems of the Biosphere Reserve Srebarna Lake Professor Marin Drinov Academic Publishing House Sofia vi+218 Welter-Schultes FW 2012 European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification. European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification. Planet Poster Editions Göttingen 679

Above: Helix pomatia Linnaeus 1758 (diameter of shell 41 mm); below: Monacha carascaloides (Bourguignat 1855) (diameter of shell 16 mm), Sreburna reserve, buffer zone, meadow and bushes.

Studied localities in Srebarna Nature Reserve.

№ Coordinates Locality Date Species
1 44.0949 27.0639 village Srebarna, on stone fence 12-13.06.2014 Chondrula tridens
2 44.0992 27.0648 village Srebarna, yard of IBER house 12-15.06.2014 Cepaea vindobonensis, Deroceras cf. reticulatum, Helix pomatia, Limacus flavus, Monacha carascaloides, Tandonia cf. kusceri, Xerolenta obvia
3 44.09339 27.06393 village Srebarna, meadows near roads in the village 12-15.06.2014 Cepaea vindobonensis, Helix pomatia, Monacha carascaloides, Xerolenta obvia
4 44.10314 27.06285 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, meadows and bushes 13.06.2014 Helix pomatia, Monacha carascaloides, Xerolenta obvia
5 44.10302 27.06354 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, meadow near lake 13.06.2014 Cepaea vindobonensis, Helix pomatia, Monacha carascaloides
6 44.10738 27.05965 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, meadow and bushes 13.06.2014 Cepaea vindobonensis, Helix pomatia, Monacha carascaloides
7 44.10758 27.05853 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, meadow and bushes 13.06.2014 Cepaea vindobonensis
8 44.11252 27.05658 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, meadow and bushes 13.06.2014 Helix pomatia, Monacha carascaloides
9 44.12067 27.06315 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, meadow 13.06.2014 Zebrina detrita
10 44.13043 27.06131 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, open terrain near Danube 13.06.2014 Cepaea vindobonensis, Helix pomatia
11 44.12875 27.06027 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, forest 13.06.2014 Acanthinula aculeata, Cecilioides acicula, Cepaea vindobonensis, Chondrula microtragus, Helix pomatia, Laciniaria plicata, Lindholmiola girva, Monacha carascaloides, Oxyloma cf. elegans, Pomatias elegans, Punctum pygmaeum, Trochulus hispidus, Truncatellina cylindrica, Truncatellina rothi, Vallonia costata, Vallonia enniensis, Vallonia excentrica, Vallonia pulchella, Xerolenta obvia, Zebrina detrita
12 44.08833 27.06701 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, meadow and bushes 14.06.2014 Cepaea vindobonensis, Helix pomatia, Monacha carascaloides, Xerolenta obvia
13 44.08865 27.06411 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, meadow and bushes 14.06.2014 Cepaea vindobonensis, Helix pomatia, Monacha carascaloides, Xerolenta obvia
14 44.08939 27.07399 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, meadow and bushes 14.06.2014 Cepaea vindobonensis, Helix pomatia, Monacha carascaloides, Xerolenta obvia
15 44.08937 27.06819 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, forest 14.06.2014 Chondrula tridens, Tandonia cf. kusceri, Truncatellina cylindrica, Vallonia costata, Vallonia cf. excentrica, Vallonia pulchella
16 44.08802 27.06490 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, cane near the water, single acacias 19.07.2014 Monachoides incarnatus, Oxyloma cf. elegans, Tandonia cf. kusceri
17 44.09689 27.09480 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, shrubs near road, deciduous forest ecotone 19.07.2014 Pomatias elegans
18 44.09999 27.09350 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, open terrain near gazebo 19.07.2014 Chondrula microtragus
19 44.10249 27.09153 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, acacias' forest 19.07.2014 Aegopinella minor, Lindholmiola girva, Oxychilus sp. (only juvenile specimens)
20 44.10766 27.08478 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, coniferous forest (Pinus nigra) 19.07.2014 Aegopinella minor
21 44.11780 27.0797 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, shrubs 19.07.2014 Zebrina detrita
22 44.13167 27.08780 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, bank of the Danube river, northern Gateway 19.07.2014 Oxyloma cf. elegans
23 44.09623 27.07008 Srebarna Reserve, buffer zone, grasses near lake shore (near the village) 20.07.2014 Chondrula tridens