European. The species (Fig. 2) was described from Sweden, (Tyresta) as Gongromastix incerta (Jaschhof 2002), and was later transferred to a monotypic genus Eomastix (Jaschhof and Jaschhof 2009). The species is known from Norway and Sweden, from a single site in both countries (Jaschhof and Jaschhof 2009). The Finnish locality is in Urho Kekkonen National Park, in the north boreal zone, close to the Russian border.

Figure 2.

Eomastix incerta (Jaschhof) (Cecidomyiidae), male, DIPT-JS-2014-0492.

Larvae of Lestreminae are perhaps mostly saproxylic (Jaschhof and Jaschhof 2009). The species is most likely to be pyrophilous, requiring or preferring forest fire areas. In Sweden, the species was collected from site that had experienced forest fire roughly one year earlier (Jaschhof and Jaschhof 2009). The Finnish collecting site is an old-growth burnt forest, dominated by pine (Pinus sylvestris), with scattered spruce (Picea abies) and birch (Betula sp). The forest fire site (Fig. 3) is circa 34 ha in area, and the fire was ignited by lightning in late July 2013. The species seems to have rather long flying season, from June to August.

Figure 3.

Forest fire site in Savukoski, Finnish Lapland, Urho Kekkonen National Park. Forest fire took place in 2013 and insect sampling (trunk-window traps) was performed in 2014. Two rare and poorly known ceciidomyiids, Eomastix incerta (Jaschhof) and Lestremia solidaginis (Felt), were caught. Both species are probably pyrophilous. Photo Jukka Salmela 6/2014.

Holarctic. The species is known to occur widely in the Nearctic region, but in the Palaearctic recorded only from southern Sweden (Jaschhof and Jaschhof 2009).

Perhaps a pyrophilous species (Jaschhof and Jaschhof 2009​), a hypothesis supported by our observation. Swedish locality was a forest-fire site in Tyresta (Jaschhof 2002, Jaschhof and Jaschhof 2009). Finnish locality, identical to Eomastix incerta, see above.

European. The species was described recently from southern Sweden, Uppsala and Tyresta (Jaschhof and Jaschhof 2013), no other records are available. The Finnish locality is in SW Lapland, middle boreal ecoregion.

The holotype specimen was collected from an "open woodland with old oaks" (Jaschhof and Jaschhof 2013). The Finnish sampling site is a rich fen, surrounded by young deciduous forest. Larvae of Porricondylinae midges are terrestrial mycelium feeders, living on detritus and dead wood (Jaschhof and Jaschhof 2013).

European. The species (Fig. 4) was described from France (Latreille 1805) and has been later recorded from Great Britain, Central and North Europe (Matile 1975, Chandler 1991Chandler 2004). The species seems to be rather rare throughout its range (Hedmark 2004, Chandler 1991, Ševčík and Kurina 2011b). In Sweden the species is very rare, known from the southern and central parts of the country, but it has probably vanished from four out of six of its previously occupied biogeographical provinces (Cederberg et al. 2010).

Figure 4.

Asindulum nigrum Latreille (Keroplatidae), male, DIPT-JS-2014-0487. Adult flies of both sexes visit flowers and have elongated mouthparts.

Immature stages are unknown, but Orfeliini larvae are predaceous (Marshall 2012​). Asindulum nigrum has been collected from calcareous wetlands (Chandler 1991, Hedmark 2004) and adult flies have often been observed visiting flowers, such as Apiaceae and Saxifraga hirculus (Bechev 2010). Finnish collecting site is a calcareous rich fen with iron-rich seepages (for a detailed description of the habitat, see Salmela et al. 2014).

The species is red-listed in Great Britain (NT, Falk and Chandler 2005) and Sweden (VU, Cederberg et al. 2010).

European. The species (Fig. 5​) was described from Russia, Kola peninsula (Lundström 1906). Chandler (Chandler 1990) redescribed the species and reported it from the British Isles. Later Kjaerandsen et al. (Kjaerandsen et al. 2007a​) verified the species from Iceland and discussed the distribution and taxonomy of the species. Although Kjaerandsen et al. had studied material collected from South Finland (Ab, Karislojo [Karjalohja]; Ka, Vehkalahti; N, Esbo [Espoo], Westend, six males in total), Jakovlev (Jakovlev 2014) deleted the species from the Finnish list, assuming that the species had not been found within post WWII borders of Finland. Here we confirm the occurrence of the species in Finland, and report eight new sites from Finnish Lapland. In Fennoscandia, M. nigropicea is only known from Murmansk oblast and Finland.

a

b

Figure 5.

Macrocera nigropicea Lundström (Keroplatidae), habitus, DIPT-JS-2014-0332.

a: Male.
b: Female.

Immature stages are unknown, but Macrocera larvae are predaceous and mostly associated with soil and dead wood (see e.g. Falk and Chandler 2005, Ševčík and Roháček 2008). Macrocera nigropicea is perhaps associated with peatlands (Chandler 1990) or woodlands (Kjaerandsen et al. 2007a​). Six out of eight sites reported here are aapamires, that is, minerogenous fens with wet flarks and dry bog-level strings. Two of the sites are open, dry meadows, but not situated far from either forest or peaty pond margins. Based on our observations, M. nigropicea is perhaps not an obligate mire-dwelling species, but may prefer open habitats.

Holarctic. The description of the species (Fig. 6​) was based on material collected from three Nearctic sites in Arizona, British Columbia and Ontario (Zaitzev 1982). Later the species has been recorded from the Russian Far East (Zaitzev 2006), France, Switzerland (Chandler 2004​) and the Czech Republic (Ševčík 2005). New for the Fennoscandian fauna.

Figure 6.

Sciophila arizonensis Zaitzev (Mycetophilidae), male hopygium, dorsal view, DIPT-JS-2014-0385.

Immature stages are unknown, but Sciophila larvae are fungivorous, living on the surfaces of agaric and polyporous fungi (Ševčík 2010), rarely on Pezizales (Jakovlev 2011). Finnish locality (Fig. 7​) is a iron-rich spring-fed brook on an ecotone between a pine mire and a luxuriant riparian forest.

Figure 7.

Malaise trap in Kemijärvi, Finnish Lapland, Pyhä-Luosto National Park, close to Huttuoja. The sampling site is a mixture of habitats, such as rusty spring brook, riparian forest and pine mire. Rare Holarctic fungus-gnat Sciophila arizonensis Zaitzev was identified from the trap material. J. Salmela 6/2014.

Holarctic. The species was described from Russia, Kola Peninsula (Stackelberg 1943), and has since been recorded from the British Isles (Hutson 1979), Norway (Gammelmo and Søli 2006), USA (Zaitzev 1982) and Czech Republic (Ševčík 2005). Record from East Palaearctic (Chandler 2004​) refers to Kola Peninsula, so it is not an additional area of distribution (P.J. Chandler, pers.comm.).

Immature stages are unknown, but S. fridolini is presumably a woodland species (Falk and Chandler 2005). The Finnish collecting site is an alpine wetland along a headwater stream, characterized by Carex tussocks, Viola biflora and sparse mountain birch forest.

European. In his original description, Zaitzev (Zaitzev 1982) assigned S. spinifera (Fig. 8​) as a Finnish species, the holotype specimen was collected by Richard Frey from a place named "Opariornia". There is, however, no such place in Finland, and later the holotype was interpreted as a Swedish specimen, collected from Övertorneå (Kjaerandsen et al. 2007b​, misspelled by Zaitzev), on the Swedish side of the River Tornio between Finland and Sweden. In addition to Sweden, the species is known from southern Norway (Økland and Zaitzev 1997) and Switzerland (Chandler 1998​).

Figure 8.

Sciophila spinifera Zaitzev (Mycetophilidae), male, DIPT-JS-2014-0317.

Immature stages are unknown, but S. spinifera is presumably a forest-dwelling species (Økland and Zaitzev 1997). Finnish sampling sites are either old-growth, spruce-dominated moist forests (two sites) or a swampy birch forest.

European. A rarely collected and poorly known species, reported from Czech Republic (Ševčík 2004) and Russian Karelia (Jakovlev et al. 2014). The Finnish collecting site reported here is located in SW Lapland, middle boreal ecoregion.

Larvae of Allodia are likely to be fungivorous, see discussion in Jakovlev et al. 2014. The Finnish locality is a herb-rich riparian forest, dominated by deciduous trees.

European. A poorly known and rarely collected Fennoscandian species (Fig. 9​). The species was described by Zaitzev (in Zaitzev and Polevoi 1995), based on a holotype male collected from Kivach Nature Reserve, Russian Karelia. Recently, the species was observed from Alta in northern Norway (Søli and Rindal 2012).

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b

Figure 9.

Brevicornu setigerum Zaitzev (Mycetophilidae), details of male hypopygium, MYCE-JS-2013-0356.

a: Gonostylus, lateral view.
b: Ventral appendage of gonocoxites, ventral view; this structure has not been figured before.

Immature stages are unknown, but Brevicornu larvae are most likely associated with microfungi in dead wood and soil litter (Jakovlev 2011). The species is presumably a forest-dwelling fungus gnat; at least, the Norwegian sampling site was a mixed forest (Ekrem et al. 2012). The Finnish locality is a swampy birch forest in the subalpine ecoregion.

European, but likely to have wide Palaearctic range (Kjaerandsen et al. 2007b). The species was described from Germany (Winnertz 1864), but was later tentatively considered as a junior synonym of S. crassicornis (Stannius) by Tuomikoski (Tuomikoski 1966). However, status of S. obscura as a valid species was recently reinstated (), and the species is known to occur in Germany, Sweden (Skåne) (Kjaerandsen et al. 2007b​) and Norway (Kongsvoll) (Søli and Kjaerandsen 2008). The Finnish locality is in NW Lapland, Kilpisjärvi, belonging to the Caledonian mountain range.

Immature stages are unknown. The Finnish locality was a road-side in a mountain birch forest, close to Saana fell.

European, so far reported only from Fennoscandia. The species (Fig. 10​) was described from North Sweden (Abisko) (Plassmann 1990), and later findings are also from the northern part of the country (Kjaerandsen et al. 2007b​). Only once recorded from North Norway, Alta (Søli and Rindal 2012). Here reported from six sites in north boreal Finland.

Figure 10.

Mycetophila haruspica Plassmann (Mycetophilidae), male, DIPT-JS-2014-0202.

The species has been collected from both subalpine and boreal ecoregions, but detailed habitat descriptions are lacking in the literature. Finnish sampling sites are small lotic water bodies surrounded by old-growth boreal forests.

The original description of M. haruspica is rather uninformative, barely sufficient for identification purposes (Plassmann 1990, fig. 8). Proper redescription of this species is beyond the scope of this manuscript, but the morphology of the male hypopygium is reviewed here. The ventral lobe of gonostylus (vl gst, Fig. 11) has a conspicuous, helmet-like rounded lobe on dorsal margin and a small, hyaline spine next to it. Another prominent feature of vl gst is a long ventro-caudal spine, slightly bent beyond its mid-point (Fig. 11). Dorsal lobe of gonostylus (dl gst, Fig. 11) has a narrow, rounded lobe on the dorsal margin. The general shape of aedeagus is cordate, caudally tapering, apex incised and apical corners with a pair of narrow, hyaline lobes (Fig. 11c). 9th tergite is about as long as gonocoxite. Ventral margin of gonocoxites is undulating (Fig. 11d​). Based on the male hypopygium, the species is easy to separate from the other members of the vast genus Mycetophila.

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b

c

d

Figure 11.

Mycetophila haruspica Plassmann (Mycetophilidae), DIPT-JS-2014-0146, details of male hypopygium.

a: Gonostylus, lateral (inner) view. vl gst=ventral lobe of gonostylus, dl gst=dorsal lobe of gonostylus.
b: Gonostylus, ventral view.
c: Aedeagus, dorsal view.
d: Ventral margin of gonocoxites.

European. The species (Fig. 12a, c​) was recently described from the Gemer region in the central part of Slovakia (Ševčík and Kurina 2011a). No other records are available. New for the Fennoscandian fauna.

a

b

c

d

Figure 12.

Mycetophila gemerensis Ševčík & Kurina and M. lastovkai Caspers (Mycetophilidae), males.

a: M. gemerensis, habitus, DIPT-JS-2014-0189.
b: M. lastovkai, DIPT-JS-2014-0452, Romania, Vulcan Mt., 1420 m.a.s.l., 26.5.2014 Levente-Peter Kolcsar leg.
c: M. gemerensis, hypopygium, dorsal view, DIPT-JS-2014-0189.
d: M. lastovkai, hypopygium, dorsal view, DIPT-JS-2014-0452.

The holotype male was collected from a "spring area in a young spruce forest, 1230 m (above sea level)" Ševčík and Kurina 2011b). Finnish locality is a herb-rich riparian forest, dominated by deciduous trees.

The species is quite close to M. lastovkai Caspers, 1984 (Fig. 12b, d​), a species that has been in the Nordic region reported from Sweden, Norway and Denmark (Kjaerandsen 2015​). Nordic material of M. lastovkai should be re-examined in order to check the potential confusion with M. gemerensis.